I-N-AcetylneuraminiC ACID (i-Sialic acid) imindeni yama-monosaccharides ayisishiyagalolunye e-carbon acid eyenzeka ngokwemvelo ekugcineni kwamaketanga kashukela anamathele ezindaweni zamaseli namaprotheni ancibilikayo. Emzimbeni womuntu, ukuhlushwa okuphezulu kakhulu kwe-sialic acid (njenge-N-acetylneuraminic acid) kwenzeka ebuchosheni lapho ibamba iqhaza njengengxenye ebalulekile yesakhiwo se-ganglioside ku-synaptogenesis nokudluliswa kwe-neural.
Igama | I-N-AcetylneuraminiC ACID (SIALIC ACID) |
CAS | 131-48-6 |
Ukuhlanzeka | 98% |
Igama lamakhemikhali | I-N-AcetylneuraminiC ACID |
omqondofana | I-Neuraminic acid |
Formula Yamamolekhula | C11H19NO9 |
isisindo Yamamolekhula | I-309.27 g / mol |
I-Melting Point | 185 ℃ |
InChI Key | I-SQVRNKJHWKZAKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
Ifomu | powder |
ukubukeka | I-white crystal powder |
Ukuphila okungaphelele | / |
solubility | / |
isitoreji Isimo | Gcina endaweni yokushisa yasekamelweni, esitsheni se-airtight esivaliwe, gcina umoya ungaphandle, uvikelekile ekushiseni, ukukhanya nasekunomswakama. |
Isicelo | Anti-ukuguga, ibhekwa wezokudla |
Idokhumenti yokuhlola | Iyatholakala |
I-Sialic acid yigama elijwayelekile lomndeni wezinto ezitholakala kwi-neuraminic acid, ushukela one-asidi onomgogodla we-carbon eyisishiyagalolunye, futhi yigama lelungu elijwayelekile kakhulu kuleli qembu, i-N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac noma i-NANA).
I-N-AcetylneuraminiC ACID Ama-acid e-Sialic atholakala asatshalaliswa kabanzi kwizicubu zezilwane nakancane kwezinye izidalwa, kusuka kwisikhunta kuya kumvubelo nakamagciwane, ikakhulukazi kuma-glycoprotein nama-gangliosides (kwenzeka ekugcineni kwamaketanga kashukela axhunywe ezindaweni zamaseli namaprotheni ancibilikayo). Lokho kungenxa yokuthi kubonakala sengathi kuvele sekwedlule isikhathi ekuziphendukeleni kwemvelo. [Ukucaphuna] Kodwa-ke, kuye kwabonwa emibungwini ye-Drosophila nakwezinye izinambuzane nakuma-polysaccharides ama-capsular ezinhlobo ezithile zama-bacteria. Ngokuvamile, izitshalo aziqukethe noma ziveze ama-sialic acid.
Kubantu ubuchopho bunokuhlushwa okuphezulu kakhulu kwe-sialic acid, lapho la ma-acid adlala indima ebalulekile ekudlulisweni kwe-neural nasekwakhiweni kwe-ganglioside ku-synaptogenesis. Izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwama-50 ze-sialic acid ziyaziwa, zonke ezingatholakala kwi-molecule ye-neuraminic acid ngokufaka iqembu layo le-amino lelinye lamaqembu alo e-hydroxil. Ngokuvamile, iqembu lama-amino lithwala i-acetyl noma iqembu le-glycolyl, kepha okunye ukuguqulwa kuchaziwe. Lokhu kuguqulwa kanye nokuxhuma kukhombise ukuthi ziyizinkulumo ezithile ezicacisiwe nezilawulwa ngentuthuko, ngakho-ke ezinye zazo zitholakala kuphela ezinhlotsheni ezithile zama-glycoconjugates kumaseli athile. [3] Izinto ezithatha indawo yehydroxyl zingahluka kakhulu; Ama-acetyl, i-lactyl, i-methyl, i-sulfate, namaqembu e-phosphate atholakele
Ezilwaneni ezincelisayo, i-N-AcetylneuraminiC ACID (SIALIC ACID) ihlanganiswa nesibindi. Kungumsoco obalulekile obisini lwebele, olungakhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwezicubu zobuchopho nezinzwa ezinganeni nasezinganeni ezincane, kuthuthukise inkumbulo nobuhlakani, kuthuthukise ukuzivikela kwezinsana nomama;
I-N-AcetylneuraminiC ACID (i-SIALIC ACID) ayonakaliswanga ama-enzyme emgudwini wokugaya ukudla, yakha ama-glycoprotein avimba ukunamathiselwa kwamagciwane (amagciwane, amabhaktheriya kanye nobuthi begciwane) kumaseli e-endocrine, futhi angathuthukisa ukuhlonza amaseli, aqede ubuthi bekholera, ukuvimbela ukutheleleka kwe-pathological E. coli, lawula isigamu sempilo yamaprotheni egazi, futhi ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukise ngempumelelo ukusebenza komzimba womuntu. Ngasikhathi sinye, i-N-AcetylneuraminiC ACID (SIALIC ACID) ingathuthukisa ukumuncwa kwamathumbu amavithamini namaminerali. Thuthukisa ukuzivikela kwengane nomama; I-N-AcetylneuraminiC ACID (i-SIALIC ACID) nayo inegalelo ekuzalweni okuzinzile, isiza abesifazane abakhulelwe ukuba babelethe kahle, futhi isheshisa ukululama ngemuva kokubeletha.
Ubuso bamaseli omuntu bunengqimba ewugqinsi ye-N-AcetylneuraminiC ACID (SIALIC ACID), elawula impilo yeseli nokuxhumana kwemininingwane yamaseli, ukushoda kwe-N-AcetylneuraminiC ACID (SIALIC ACID) kungaholela empilweni yeseli yegazi emzimbeni kanye namaprotheni enzyme angaphansi. Futhi i-oral N-AcetylneuraminiC ACID (SIALIC ACID) ingathuthukisa ukuhlushwa kwe-N-AcetylneuraminiC ACID (SIALIC ACID) emzimbeni, ivimbele ukuchitheka kweseli i-N-AcetylneuraminiC ACID (SIALIC ACID), ilibazise ukuguga kwamaseli, inendima yokuphila isikhathi eside. .
Ama-glycoprotein acebile e-Sialic acid (ama-sialoglycoprotein) abopha i-selectin kubantu nakwezinye izinto eziphilayo. Amaseli womdlavuza we-Metastatic avame ukuveza ukuminyana okuphezulu kwama-glycoprotein acebile e-sialic acid. Lokhu kuchazwa ngokweqile kwe-sialic acid ebusweni kudala inkokhiso engeyinhle kulwelwesi lweseli. Lokhu kudala ukuzonda phakathi kwamaseli (ukuphikiswa kwamaseli) futhi kusiza lawa maseli omdlavuza osekugcineni angene ekusakazweni kwegazi. Ukuhlolwa kwakamuva kukhombise ubukhona be-sialic acid kumatrix afihliwe angaphandle womdlavuza.
[1] Severi E .; IHood DW; UThomas GH (2007). "Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Sialic acid ngamagciwane egciwane". I-Microbiology. 153 (9): 2817–2822. i-doi: 10.1099 / mic.0.2007 / 009480-0. I-PMID 17768226
[2] USchahauer R. (2000). "Izimpumelelo nezinselelo zocwaningo lwe-sialic acid". Glycoconj. UJ. 17 (7–9): 485-499. i-doi: 10.1023 / A: 1011062223612. PMC 7087979. PMID 11421344
[3] URacaniello, uVincent (5 Meyi 2009). "Okunamathiselwe kwegciwane lomkhuhlane kumaseli: indima yama-sialic acid ahlukile". I-Virology Blog. Kubuyiswe i-10 Ephreli 2019.
[4] UWarren, uLeonard; UFelsenfeld, uHerbert (1962). "I-Biosynthesis yeSialic Acids" (PDF). Ijenali Yezinto Eziphilayo Chemistry. 237 (5): 1421.